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By Name

By Symbol

By Number

Element

Discovery

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Actinium

date of discovery

1899

discoverer

André Louis Debierne

birth

1874

death

1949

location of discovery

Paris, France

Aluminum

date of discovery

1825

discoverer

Hans Christian Oersted

birth

August 14, 1777

death

March 9, 1851

location of discovery

Copenhagen, Denmark

Americium

date of discovery

1944

discoverer

Glenn Theodore Seaborg

birth

April 19, 1912

death

February 25, 1999

discoverer

Ralph A. James

discoverer

Leon O. Morgan

location of discovery

Metallurgical Laboratory, Chicago, Illinois

Antimony

date of discovery

circa 1600 BC

discoverer

unknown

location of discovery

unknown

Argon

date of discovery

1894

discoverer

William Ramsay

birth

October 2, 1852

death

July 23, 1916

discoverer

John William Strutt (the third Lord Rayleigh)

birth

November 12, 1842

death

June 30, 1919

location of discovery

London, England

Arsenic

date of discovery

circa 1250

discoverer

Albertus Magnus

birth

1193

death

1280

location of discovery

Germany

Astatine

date of discovery

1940

discoverer

Dale Raymond Corson

birth

1914

discoverer

Kenneth Ross Mackenzie

birth

1912

discoverer

Emilio Gino Segrè

birth

1905

death

1989

location of discovery

Berkeley, California

Barium

date of discovery

1808

discoverer

Humphry Davy

birth

December 17, 1778

death

May 29, 1829

location of discovery

London, England

Berkelium

date of discovery

1949

discoverer

Stanley G. Thompson

death

July 16, 1976

discoverer

Albert Ghiorso

birth

July 15, 1915

discoverer

Glenn Theodore Seaborg

birth

April 19, 1912

death

February 25, 1999

location of discovery

Berkeley, California

Beryllium

date of discovery

1798

discoverer

Nicolas-Louis Vauquelin

birth

May 16, 1763

death

November 14, 1829

location of discovery

Paris, France

Bismuth

date of discovery

circa 1500

discoverer

unknown

location of discovery

Central Europe

Bohrium

date of discovery

1981

discoverer

G. Münzenberg

discoverer

S. Hofmann

discoverer

F. P. Heßberger

discoverer

W. Reisdorf

discoverer

K.-H. Schmidt

discoverer

J. H. R. Schneider

discoverer

P. Armbruster

discoverer

C.-C. Sahm

discoverer

B. Thuma

location of discovery

Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH (GSI), Darmstadt, Germany

Boron

shared discovery

date of discovery

1808

discoverer

Louis-Joseph Gay-Lussac

birth

December 6, 1778

death

May 9, 1850

discoverer

Louis-Jacques Thenard

birth

May 4, 1777

death

June 21, 1857

location of discovery

Paris, France

shared discovery

date of discovery

1808

discoverer

Humphry Davy

birth

December 17, 1778

death

May 29, 1829

location of discovery

London, England

Bromine

shared discovery

date of discovery

1825

discoverer

Carl Löwig

birth

March 17, 1803

death

March 27, 1890

location of discovery

Heidelberg, Germany

shared discovery

date of discovery

1826

discoverer

Antoine-Jérôme Balard

birth

September 30, 1802

death

March 30, 1876

location of discovery

Montpellier, France

Cadmium

date of discovery

1817

discoverer

Friedrich Stromeyer

birth

August 2, 1776

death

August 18, 1835

location of discovery

Göttingen, Germany

Calcium

date of discovery

1808

discoverer

Humphry Davy

birth

December 17, 1778

death

May 29, 1829

location of discovery

London, England

Californium

date of discovery

1950

discoverer

Stanley G. Thompson

death

July 16, 1976

discoverer

Kenneth Street, Jr.

death

1976

discoverer

Albert Ghiorso

birth

July 15, 1915

discoverer

Glenn Theodore Seaborg

birth

April 19, 1912

death

February 25, 1999

location of discovery

Berkeley, California

Carbon

date of discovery

prehistory

discoverer

unknown

location of discovery

unknown

Cerium

date of discovery

1803

discoverer

Jöns Jacob Berzelius

birth

August 20, 1779

death

August 7, 1848

discoverer

Wilhelm Hisinger

birth

December, 1766

death

June 28, 1852

location of discovery

Vestmanland, Sweden

Cesium

date of discovery

1860

discoverer

Robert Wilhelm Bunsen

birth

March 31, 1811

death

August 16, 1899

discoverer

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff

birth

March 12, 1824

death

October 17, 1887

location of discovery

Heidelberg, Germany

Chlorine

date of discovery

1774

discoverer

Carl Wilhelm Scheele

birth

December 9 (or 19), 1742

death

May 21, 1786

location of discovery

Uppsala, Sweden

Chromium

date of discovery

1797

discoverer

Nicolas-Louis Vauquelin

birth

May 16, 1763

death

November 14, 1829

location of discovery

Paris, France

Cobalt

date of discovery

1737 to 1738

discoverer

Georg Brandt

birth

June 26 (or July 21), 1694

death

April 29, 1768

location of discovery

Stockholm, Sweden

Copernicium

date of discovery

1996

discoverer

S. Hofmann

discoverer

V. Ninov

discoverer

F. P. Heßberger

discoverer

P. Armbruster

discoverer

H. Folger

discoverer

G. Münzenberg

discoverer

H.-J. Schött

discoverer

A. G. Popeko

discoverer

A. V. Yeremin

discoverer

S. Saro

discoverer

R. Janik

discoverer

M. E. Leino

location of discovery

Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH (GSI), Darmstadt, Germany

References    (Click the button next to a value above to see complete citation information for that entry)

Barber, Robert C., Heinz W. Gäggeler, Paul J. Karol, Hiromichi Nakahara, Emanuele Vardaci, and Erich Vogt. "Discovery of the Element with Atomic Number 112 (IUPAC Technical Report)." Pure and Applied Chemistry, volume 81, number 7, 2009, pp. 1331–1343. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-08-03-05

Cassebaum, H., and J. A. Schufle. "Scheele's Priority for the Discovery of Oxygen." Journal of Chemical Education, volume 52, number 7, 1975, pp. 442–444. doi:10.1021/ed052p442

Corson, D. R., K. R. MacKenzie, and E. Segrè. "Artificially Radioactive Element 85." Physical Review, volume 58, number 8, 1940, pp. 672–678. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.58.672

Cox, P. A. The Elements: Their Origin, Abundance and Distribution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.

Emsley, John. Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

Ghiorso, A., B. G. Harvey, G. R. Choppin, S. G. Thompson, and G. T. Seaborg. "New Element Mendelevium, Atomic Number 101." Physical Review, volume 98, number 5, 1955, pp. 1518–1519. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.98.1518

Ghiorso, A., J. M. Nitschke, J. R. Alonso, C. T. Alonso, M. Nurmia, G. T. Seaborg, E. K. Hulet, and R. W. Lougheed. "Element 106." Physical Review Letters, volume 33, number 25, 1974, pp. 1490–1493. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.1490

Ghiorso, A., M. Nurmia, J. Harris, K. Eskola, and P. Eskola. "Positive Identification of Two Alpha-Particle-Emitting Isotopes of Element 104." Physical Review Letters, volume 22, number 24, 1969, pp. 1317–1320. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.22.1317

Ghiorso, A., S. G. Thompson, G. H. Higgins, G. T. Seaborg, M. H. Studier, P. R. Fields, S. M. Fried, H. Diamond, J. F. Mech, G. L. Pyle, J. R. Huizenga, A. Hirsch, W. M. Manning, C. I. Browne, H. L. Smith, and R. W. Spence. "New Elements Einsteinium and Fermium, Atomic Numbers 99 and 100." Physical Review, volume 99, number 3, 1955, pp. 1048–1049. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.99.1048

Ghiorso, A., T. Sikkeland, J. R. Walton, and G. T. Seaborg. "Element No. 102." Physical Review Letters, volume 1, number 1, 1958, pp. 18–21. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.1.18

Ghiorso, Albert, Matti Nurmia, Kari Eskola, James Harris, and Pirkko Eskola. "New Element Hahnium, Atomic Number 105." Physical Review Letters, volume 24, number 26, 1970, pp. 1498–1503. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.24.1498

Ghiorso, Albert, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh, and Robert M. Latimer. "New Element, Lawrencium, Atomic Number 103." Physical Review Letters, volume 6, number 9, 1961, pp. 473–475. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.6.473

Goldwhite, Harold. "Gay-Lussac after 200 Years." Journal of Chemical Education, volume 55, number 6, 1978, pp. 366–368. doi:10.1021/ed055p366

Hoffman, Darleane C., Albert Ghiorso, and Glenn T. Seaborg. The Transuranium People: The Inside Story. London, England: Imperial College Press, 2000.

Hofmann, S., V. Ninov, F. P. Heßberger, P. Armbruster, H. Folger, G. Münzenberg, H. J. Schött, A. G. Popeko, A. V. Yeremin, A. N. Andreyev, S. Saro, R. Janik, and M. Leino. "Production and Decay of 269110." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, volume 350, number 4, 1995, pp. 277–280. doi:10.1007/BF01291181

Hofmann, S., V. Ninov, F. P. Heßberger, P. Armbruster, H. Folger, G. Münzenberg, H. J. Schött, A. G. Popeko, A. V. Yeremin, A. N. Andreyev, S. Saro, R. Janik, and M. Leino. "The New Element 111." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, volume 350, number 4, 1995, pp. 281–282. doi:10.1007/BF01291182

Hofmann, S., V. Ninov, F. P. Heßberger, P. Armbruster, H. Folger, G. Münzenberg, H. J. Schött, A. G. Popeko, A. V. Yeremin, S. Saro, R. Janik, and M. Leino. "The New Element 112." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, volume 354, number 3, 1996, pp. 229–230. doi:10.1007/s002180050036

Ihde, Aaron J. The Development of Modern Chemistry. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1984.

Jensen, William B. "Why Helium Ends in “-ium”." Journal of Chemical Education, volume 81, number 7, 2004, p. 944. doi:10.1021/ed081p944

Marshall, James L. Discovery of the Elements: A Search for the Fundamental Principles of the Universe, 2nd edition. Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing, 2002.

Münzenberg, G., P. Armbruster, F. P. Heßberger, S. Hofmann, K. Poppensieker, W. Reisdorf, J. H. R. Schneider, W. F. W. Schneider, K.-H. Schmidt, C.-C. Sahm, and D. Vermeulen. "Observation of One Correlated α-Decay in the Reaction 58Fe on 209Bi → 267109." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, volume 309, number 1, 1982, pp. 89–90. doi:10.1007/BF01420157

Münzenberg, G., P. Armbruster, H. Folger, F. P. Heßberger, S. Hofmann, J. Keller, K. Poppensieker, W. Reisdorf, K.-H. Schmidt, H.-J. Schött, M. E. Leino, and R. Hingmann. "The Identification of Element 108." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, volume 317, number 2, 1984, pp. 235–236. doi:10.1007/BF01421260

Münzenberg, G., S. Hofmann, F. P. Heßberger, W. Reisdorf, K. H. Schmidt, J. H. R. Schneider, P. Armbruster, C. C. Sahm, and B. Thuma. "Identification of Element 107 by α Correlation Chains." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei, volume 300, number 1, 1981, pp. 107–108. doi:10.1007/BF01412623

Nobel Foundation. Glenn T. Seaborg: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1951. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1951/seaborg-bio.html. Accessed on July 1, 2009.

Nobel Foundation. Sir William Ramsay: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1904. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1904/ramsay-bio.html. Accessed on July 16, 2009.

Partington, J. R. "The Discovery of Oxygen." Journal of Chemical Education, volume 39, number 3, 1962, pp. 123–125. doi:10.1021/ed039p123

Perrier, C., and E. Segrè. "Some Chemical Properties of Element 43." Journal of Chemical Physics, volume 5, number 9, 1937, pp. 712–716. doi:10.1063/1.1750105

Quadbeck-Seeger, Hans-Jürgen. World of the Elements: Elements of the World. Translated by José Oliveira. Bad Dürkheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2007.

Seaborg, Glenn T., and Walter D. Loveland. The Elements Beyond Uranium. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990.

Thompson, S. G., A. Ghiorso, and G. T. Seaborg. "The New Element Berkelium (Atomic Number 97)." Physical Review, volume 80, number 5, 1950, pp. 781–789. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.80.781

Thompson, S. G., K. Street, Jr., A. Ghiorso, and G. T. Seaborg. "The New Element Californium (Atomic Number 98)." Physical Review, volume 80, number 5, 1950, pp. 790–796. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.80.790

Weeks, Mary Elvira, and Henry M. Leicester. Discovery of the Elements, 7th edition. Easton, PA: Journal of Chemical Education, 1968.

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