Ionization Energies

Ionization Energies Navigation

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Sulfur to Tungsten

Element

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Sulfur

I (1)

10.36001 eV

II (2)

23.33788 eV

III (3)

34.79 eV

IV (4)

47.222 ± 0.012 eV

V (5)

72.5945 ± 0.0004 eV

VI (6)

88.0530 ± 0.0004 eV

VII (7)

280.948 ± 0.012 eV

VIII (8)

328.74 eV

IX (9)

379.55 eV

X (10)

447.5 eV

XI (11)

504.8 eV

XII (12)

564.44 eV

XIII (13)

652.2 eV

XIV (14)

707.01 eV

XV (15)

3223.78 ± 0.05 eV

XVI (16)

3494.1892 ± 0.0010 eV

Tellurium

I (1)

9.0096 eV

II (2)

18.6 eV

III (3)

27.96 eV

IV (4)

37.41 eV

V (5)

58.75 eV

VI (6)

70.7 eV

VII (7)

137 eV

Terbium

I (1)

5.8638 eV

II (2)

11.52 eV

III (3)

21.91 ± 0.10 eV

IV (4)

39.37 ± 0.10 eV

Thulium

I (1)

6.18431 eV

II (2)

12.05 eV

III (3)

23.68 ± 0.10 eV

IV (4)

42.7 ± 0.4 eV

Tin

I (1)

7.34392 eV

II (2)

14.6322 eV

III (3)

30.50260 eV

IV (4)

40.73502 eV

V (5)

72.28 eV

Titanium

I (1)

6.82812 eV

II (2)

13.5755 eV

III (3)

27.4919 ± 0.0002 eV

IV (4)

43.2675 ± 0.0002 eV

V (5)

99.30 ± 0.01 eV

VI (6)

119.53 ± 0.02 eV

VII (7)

140.8 ± 0.2 eV

VIII (8)

170.4 ± 0.4 eV

IX (9)

192.1 ± 0.4 eV

X (10)

215.92 ± 0.12 eV

XI (11)

265.07 ± 0.06 eV

XII (12)

291.502 ± 0.012 eV

XIII (13)

787.84 ± 0.06 eV

XIV (14)

863.1 ± 1.7 eV

XV (15)

941.9 ± 1.9 eV

XVI (16)

1044 ± 2 eV

XVII (17)

1131 ± 2 eV

XVIII (18)

1221 ± 2 eV

XIX (19)

1346 ± 3 eV

XX (20)

1425.4 ± 0.4 eV

XXI (21)

6249.0 ± 1.0 eV

XXII (22)

6625.87 ± 0.01 eV

Tungsten

I (1)

7.86403 ± 0.00010 eV

II (2)

16.37 ± 0.15 eV

III (3)

26.0 ± 0.4 eV

IV (4)

38.2 ± 0.4 eV

V (5)

51.6 ± 0.3 eV

VI (6)

64.77 ± 0.04 eV

VII (7)

122.01 ± 0.06 eV

VIII (8)

141.2 ± 1.2 eV

IX (9)

160.2 ± 1.2 eV

X (10)

179.0 ± 1.2 eV

XI (11)

208.9 ± 1.2 eV

XII (12)

231.6 ± 1.2 eV

XIII (13)

258.2 ± 1.2 eV

XIV (14)

290.7 ± 1.2 eV

XV (15)

325.3 ± 1.5 eV

XVI (16)

361.9 ± 1.5 eV

XVII (17)

387.9 ± 1.2 eV

XVIII (18)

420.7 ± 1.4 eV

XIX (19)

462.1 ± 1.4 eV

XX (20)

502.6 ± 1.4 eV

XXI (21)

543.4 ± 1.4 eV

XXII (22)

594.5 ± 1.5 eV

XXIII (23)

640.7 ± 1.5 eV

XXIV (24)

685.6 ± 1.6 eV

XXV (25)

734.1 ± 1.7 eV

XXVI (26)

784.4 ± 1.9 eV

XXVII (27)

833.4 ± 1.9 eV

XXVIII (28)

881.4 ± 1.6 eV

XXIX (29)

1132.2 ± 1.4 eV

XXX (30)

1179.9 ± 1.4 eV

XXXI (31)

1230.4 ± 1.4 eV

XXXII (32)

1283.4 ± 1.4 eV

XXXIII (33)

1335.1 ± 1.4 eV

XXXIV (34)

1386.7 ± 1.4 eV

XXXV (35)

1459.9 ± 1.5 eV

XXXVI (36)

1512.4 ± 1.5 eV

XXXVII (37)

1569.1 ± 1.5 eV

XXXVIII (38)

1621.7 ± 1.5 eV

XXXIX (39)

1829.8 ± 1.9 eV

XL (40)

1883.0 ± 2.0 eV

XLI (41)

1940.6 ± 2.0 eV

XLII (42)

1994.8 ± 2.0 eV

XLIII (43)

2149.2 ± 2.1 eV

XLIV (44)

2210.0 ± 1.5 eV

XLV (45)

2354.5 ± 1.4 eV

XLVI (46)

2414.1 ± 0.4 eV

XLVII (47)

4057 ± 3 eV

XLVIII (48)

4180 ± 4 eV

XLIX (49)

4309 ± 4 eV

L (50)

4446 ± 4 eV

LI (51)

4578 ± 4 eV

LII (52)

4709 ± 4 eV

LIII (53)

4927 ± 4 eV

LIV (54)

5063 ± 4 eV

LV (55)

5209 ± 4 eV

LVI (56)

5348 ± 4 eV

LVII (57)

5719 ± 5 eV

LVIII (58)

5840 ± 5 eV

LIX (59)

5970 ± 5 eV

LX (60)

6093 ± 5 eV

LXI (61)

6596 ± 7 eV

LXII (62)

6735 ± 7 eV

LXIII (63)

7000 ± 7 eV

LXIV (64)

7130 ± 7 eV

LXV (65)

15566 ± 11 eV

LXVI (66)

15896 ± 11 eV

LXVII (67)

16252 ± 11 eV

LXVIII (68)

16588 ± 11 eV

LXIX (69)

18476 ± 4 eV

LXX (70)

18872 ± 3 eV

LXXI (71)

19362 ± 3 eV

LXXII (72)

19691 ± 3 eV

LXXIII (73)

79181 ± 3 eV

LXXIV (74)

80755.6 ± 0.6 eV

References (Click the next to a value above to see complete citation information for that entry)

Kaufman, Victor, and W. C. Martin. "Wavelengths and Energy Level Classifications for the Spectra of Sulfur (S I through S XVI)." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, volume 22, number 2, 1993, pp. 279–375.

Kramida, Alexander E., and Joseph Reader. "Ionization Energies of Tungsten Ions: W2+ through W71+." Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, volume 92, number 4, 2006, pp. 457–479. doi:10.1016/j.adt.2006.03.002

Lide, David R., editor. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 88th edition. Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

Martin, W. C., Romuald Zalubas, and Lucy Hagan. Atomic Energy Levels—The Rare-Earth Elements. Washington, D.C.: National Bureau of Standards, 1978.

Moore, Charlotte E. Ionization Potentials and Ionization Limits Derived from the Analyses of Optical Spectra. Washington, D.C.: National Bureau of Standards, 1970.

Podobedova, L. I., A. Musgrove, D. E. Kelleher, J. Reader, and W. L. Wiese. "Atomic Spectral Tables for the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. Part I S VIII–S XIV." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, volume 32, number 4, 2003, pp. 1367–1386. doi:10.1063/1.1539857

Sansonetti, J. E., and W. C. Martin. "Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data." Journal Of Physical And Chemical Reference Data, volume 34, number 4, 2005, pp. 1559–2259. doi:10.1063/1.1800011

Sugar, Jack, and Charles Corliss. "Atomic Energy Levels of the Iron-Period Elements: Potassium through Nickel." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, volume 14, number 2, 1985, pp. 1–664.