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Neon

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Neon Quick Reference

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Notes

Symbol

Ne

Atomic Number

10

Atomic Weight

Rounded

20.180

for regular calculations

Standard

20.1797 ± 0.0006

for precise calculations

Oxidation States

0

Electron Configuration

Orbital Occupancy

[He] 2s2 2p6

[He] represents the closed-shell electron configuration of helium

Orbital Filling Order

[He] 2s2 2p6

[He] represents the closed-shell electron configuration of helium

Term Symbol

1S0

see expanded configuration ...

Ionization Energies

I   (1)

21.56454 eV

II  (2)

40.96296 eV

III (3)

63.45 eV   

IV  (4)

97.12 eV   

see all 10 energies ...

Electron Affinity

<0 eV

<0 cm-1

Density

gas

25 °C, 1 atm

0.825 g/L 

273.15 K, 1 atm

0.9003 g/L

liquid, 24.56 K

1.247 g/ml

solid, 4 K

1.51 g/cm3

Molar Volume

gas, 273.15 K, 1 atm

22.4139 L/mol

liquid, 24.5561 K, 43 kPa

16.18 ml/mol 

solid

24.5561 K, 43 kPa

14.17 cm3/mol

0 K, 0 atm

13.39 cm3/mol

Melting Point

54.5 kbar

327.9 K 

46.6 kbar

294.2 K 

45.4 kbar

288.4 K 

41.3 kbar

270.6 K 

21.8 kbar

177.4 K 

1 bar

 25.24 K

see all 11 melting points ...

Boiling Point

1 atm

27.097 K

ITS-90 first-quality, secondary reference point

Thermal Conductivity

gas

400 K, 1 atm

0.0590 W/(m K)

300 K, 1 atm

0.0493 W/(m K)

290 K, 1 atm

0.0483 W/(m K)

280 K, 1 atm

0.0472 W/(m K)

270 K, 1 atm

0.0461 W/(m K)

200 K, 1 atm

0.0375 W/(m K)

see all 52 conductivities ...

Pyykkö Covalent Radius

single bond

67 pm

double bond

96 pm

Enthalpy of Fusion

1 atm

0.324 kJ/mol

Enthalpy of Vaporization

1 atm

1.1736 kJ/mol

Quantity

Neon Atomic Structure

Notes

Ionization Energies

I   (1)

21.56454 eV

II  (2)

40.96296 eV

III (3)

63.45 eV   

IV  (4)

97.12 eV   

see all 10 energies ...

Electron Affinity

<0 eV

<0 cm-1

Electron Binding Energies

K    (1s)

870.2 eV

LI   (2s)

 48.5 eV

LII  (2p1/2)

 21.7 eV

LIII (2p3/2)

 21.6 eV

Electron Configuration

Orbital Occupancy

[He] 2s2 2p6

[He] represents the closed-shell electron configuration of helium

Orbital Filling Order

[He] 2s2 2p6

[He] represents the closed-shell electron configuration of helium

Term Symbol

1S0

see expanded configuration ...

Clementi-Raimondi Effective Nuclear Charge

1s

Orbital Exponent

9.6421

ζ

Principle Quantum Number

1

n

Effective Nuclear Charge

9.6421

Zeff = ζ × n

2s

Orbital Exponent

2.8792

ζ

Principle Quantum Number

2

n

Effective Nuclear Charge

5.7584

Zeff = ζ × n

2p

Orbital Exponent

2.8792

ζ

Principle Quantum Number

2

n

Effective Nuclear Charge

5.7584

Zeff = ζ × n

Screening Percentage

41.5%

Fluorescence Yields

ωK

0.015

Quantity

Neon Physical Properties

Notes

Density

gas

25 °C, 1 atm

0.825 g/L 

273.15 K, 1 atm

0.9003 g/L

liquid, 24.56 K

1.247 g/ml

solid, 4 K

1.51 g/cm3

Molar Mass

Rounded

20.180 g/mol

for regular calculations

Standard

20.1797 ± 0.0006 g/mol

for precise calculations

Molar Volume

gas, 273.15 K, 1 atm

22.4139 L/mol

liquid, 24.5561 K, 43 kPa

16.18 ml/mol 

solid

24.5561 K, 43 kPa

14.17 cm3/mol

0 K, 0 atm

13.39 cm3/mol

Physical Form

colorless gas

Speed of Sound

gas, 0 °C, 1 atm

435 m/s

liquid

936 m/s

calculated value

Dielectric Constant

20 °C, 1 atm

1.00013

26.11 K

1.19   

Isothermal Bulk Modulus

4 K

1.0 GPa

Isothermal Compressibility

4 K

1.00 GPa-1

Gram Atomic Volume

17 cm3

Quantity

Neon Atomic Interaction

Notes

Oxidation States

0

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

hybridsp3

4.49

hybrid12.5% s

3.98

orbitalp

3.41

Sanderson Electronegativity

4.50

Allred-Rochow Electronegativity

4.84

Configuration Energy

electron volt units

28.31 eV

Pauling units

 4.787  

Allen Electronegativity

4.787

Ghosh-Gupta Electronegativity

11.3003 eV

Nagle Electronegativity

4.89

Cohesive Energy

per mole

1.92 kJ/mol  

per atom

0.020 eV/atom

Quantity

Neon Thermodynamics

Notes

Melting Point

54.5 kbar

327.9 K 

46.6 kbar

294.2 K 

45.4 kbar

288.4 K 

41.3 kbar

270.6 K 

21.8 kbar

177.4 K 

1 bar

 25.24 K

see all 11 melting points ...

Boiling Point

1 atm

27.097 K

ITS-90 first-quality, secondary reference point

Thermal Conductivity

gas

400 K, 1 atm

0.0590 W/(m K)

300 K, 1 atm

0.0493 W/(m K)

290 K, 1 atm

0.0483 W/(m K)

280 K, 1 atm

0.0472 W/(m K)

270 K, 1 atm

0.0461 W/(m K)

200 K, 1 atm

0.0375 W/(m K)

see all 52 conductivities ...

Triple Point

temperature

24.5561 K

ITS-90 fixed point

pressure

43 kPa

neon-20

24.541 K

ITS-90 first-quality, secondary reference point

Critical Point

44.4 K

Vapor Pressure

-246.1 °C

100 kPa

-252 °C

10 kPa

-255 °C

1 kPa

see all 26 pressures ...

Enthalpy of Fusion

1 atm

0.324 kJ/mol

Enthalpy of Vaporization

1 atm

1.1736 kJ/mol

Isobaric Molar Heat Capacity

298.15 K, 1 bar

20.786 J/(mol K)

Isobaric Specific Heat Capacity

298.15 K, 1 bar

1.030 J/(g K)

Debye Temperature

Low Temperature Limit ( 0 K )

74.6 K

Quantity

Neon Identification

Notes

CAS Number

7440-01-9

DOT Number

1065

compressed

1065

refrigerated liquid (cryogenic liquid)

1913

ICSC Number

0627

RTECS Number

QP4450000

UN Number

1065

Quantity

Neon Atomic Size

Notes

Orbital Radius

35.4 pm

Pyykkö Covalent Radius

single bond

67 pm

double bond

96 pm

Cordero Covalent Radius

58 pm

Pauling Univalent Radius

ion charge: 0

112 pm

Bondi Van Der Waals Radius

154 pm

Quantity

Neon Crystal Structure

Notes

Nearest Neighbor Distance

4 K, 1 atm

316 pm

Atomic Concentration

4 K, 1 atm

4.36×1022 cm-3

Quantity

Neon History

Notes

Discovery

date of discovery

1898

discoverer

William Ramsay

birth

October 2, 1852

death

July 23, 1916

discoverer

Morris William Travers

birth

January 24, 1872

death

1961

location of discovery

London, England

Origin of Element Name

origin

neos

origin description

word—Greek for new

Origin of Element Symbol

symbol: Ne

origin

neon

origin description

element name

U.S. Towns Named After Elements

Neon, Kentucky

Quantity

Neon Abundances

Notes

Earth's Crust

5×10-3 ppm

Earth's Atmosphere

18.18 ppm

Ocean Water

0.00012 ppm

Universe

0.00012

relative to hydrogen = 1.00000

Solar System

3.44×106

number of atoms for every 106 atoms of silicon

Sun

8.06 ± 0.10

base 10 log of the number of atoms for every 1012 atoms of hydrogen

Quantity

Neon Nomenclature

Notes

Element Names in Other Languages

French

néon

German

Neon

Italian

neo

Spanish

neón

Portuguese

neônio

Anions or Anionic Substituent Groups

neonide

Cations or Cationic Substituent Groups

neon (general)

Ne+, neon(1+)

Ligands

neonido

Heteroatomic Anion

neonate

'a' Term—Substitutive Nomenclature

neona

'y' Term—Chains and Rings Nomenclature

neony

References    (Click the button next to a value above to see complete citation information for that entry)

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